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Sudan’s devastating civil war has taken a perilous turn as the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), led by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (known as Hemedti), announced the formation of a rival administration—the “Government of Peace and Unity”—on the conflict’s second anniversary. This move deepens fears of Sudan’s potential partition, echoing past regional conflicts.
The RSF claims this new government aims to establish a “state of law” rather than one ruled by individuals. However, the internationally recognized Sudanese government has rejected this development, with Foreign Minister Ali Youssef stating they will not accept any other country recognizing the so-called parallel government.
The humanitarian situation continues to deteriorate, particularly in Darfur. Recent RSF attacks on the Zamzam refugee camp near el-Fasher resulted in the deaths of hundreds, including the entire medical team of the camp’s only operational clinic. Shelters were destroyed, and numerous women and girls were abducted. The United Nations reports that over 13 million people have been displaced, with famine conditions affecting vast regions.
In response to the escalating crisis, the UK hosted an international conference, pledging £120 million in aid. However, the conference failed to establish a contact group for ceasefire talks, as key Arab states declined to sign a joint communique. Criticism has arisen over the exclusion of Sudanese actors from the meeting and the inclusion of the UAE, accused of arming the RSF.
As the conflict enters its third year, the international community faces mounting pressure to address the escalating violence and humanitarian disaster unfolding in Sudan.
