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The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has filed criminal complaints in France and Belgium against subsidiaries of Apple, accusing the tech giant of complicity in the use of conflict minerals sourced from the country’s war-torn east.
Lawyers representing the Congolese government allege that armed groups controlling some of the mines in eastern DRC supply minerals that are “laundered through international supply chains” and end up in products like smartphones and computers. These minerals, including tin, tantalum, and tungsten, are essential components in modern electronics.
In a statement, the lawyers described Apple’s supply chain as being contaminated with “blood minerals,” claiming the company indirectly contributes to a cycle of violence by financing militias and enabling forced child labor and environmental degradation.
Apple’s Response and Due Diligence Measures
Apple has not publicly responded to the allegations but has emphasized its commitment to ethical sourcing in its 2023 report to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The company stated that it does not directly purchase raw minerals but has implemented strict measures to trace and monitor its supply chain.
According to Apple’s report:
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All suppliers must participate in independent third-party conflict mineral audits.
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In 2023, Apple removed 14 smelters and refiners that either refused to participate or failed to meet responsible sourcing standards.
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Apple aims to exceed internationally accepted due diligence standards for sourcing primary minerals and recycled materials.
Ongoing Investigation
Authorities in France and Belgium will now evaluate whether there is sufficient evidence to pursue the complaints. The legal action sheds light on the long-standing issue of conflict minerals, which rights groups argue fuel violence and exploitation in the DRC.
The mineral-rich east of the country has been a hotspot for armed conflicts for decades, driven by global demand for these resources. While many legitimate mines operate in the region, rights groups allege that large quantities of minerals are smuggled out, particularly to neighboring Rwanda, before entering international supply chains.
Rwanda Denies Allegations
Rwanda, which has faced accusations of facilitating the trade in conflict minerals, dismissed the DRC’s legal action against Apple as a “media stunt.” The Rwandan government has denied selling conflict minerals to the tech company.
Broader Implications
This case highlights the ongoing challenge of ensuring ethical sourcing in the tech industry. Despite companies’ efforts to implement due diligence measures, supply chains remain vulnerable to contamination by conflict minerals.
The outcome of the investigations in France and Belgium could set a significant precedent for holding multinational corporations accountable for their indirect role in perpetuating human rights abuses and environmental destruction.
